Digestive Fluid and Digestive Enzymes

All digestive fluid of the human body contain enzymes that degrade food into simple soluble substances. These substances called digestive enzymes can be divided into three types: amylase, protease and lipase.

Amylase promotes the degradation of carbohydrates, and the most complex carbohydrate is a polysaccharide. Each polysaccharide is composed of monosaccharide molecular chains, and most of the carbohydrates absorbed by the human body are polysaccharides, such as starch and glycogen. Starch is a plant-derived polysaccharide, glycogen or animal starch, a complex polysaccharide stored in animal liver or muscle. In the degradation of polysaccharides, the compounds sucrose and lactose composed of two monosaccharide molecules in the intermediate state are first formed. Sucrose is found in sugar beets and sugar cane, and lactose is found in milk. Monosaccharides are the simplest sugars, all due to the degradation of polysaccharides. Although some of the fructose absorbed by the body comes from fruit juice, some come from the degradation of sucrose. Glucose is the final result of all sugars, and both fructose and galactose are converted into glucose in the liver.

Proteases attack peptide bonds and promote the degradation of proteins into amino acids. Most protein molecules contain hundreds of amino acids, which are connected by substances called peptide bonds, called peptides. The dipeptide is a chain formed by two amino acid molecules and is an intermediate state formed by the degradation of a polypeptide.

The digestive system is the oral cavity first, its digestive juice is saliva, and the digestive enzyme is salivary amylase, which degrades the starch and glycogen of sugars to produce a shorter polysaccharide-dextrin.

Then the food enters the stomach. The digestive juice in the stomach is gastric juice, which is produced by the gastric glands of the gastric mucosa and secreted into the stomach. Digestive juice includes digestive enzymes and other components, including pepsin, hypertensive proteinogenase (existing only in young people), hydrochloric acid, and gastric lipase (mainly present in young people).

The role of gastric digestive juice is as follows: pepsin starts to degrade proteins (polypeptides). The hypertensive proteinogen enzyme interacts with calcium to form a viscous milky, that is, it interacts with protein (casein). Hydrochloric acid activates pepsin, which becomes thick and milky in adults and kills bacteria. Stomach lipase starts to degrade fat molecules in milk. The result is the formation of shorter peptide bonds, viscous milky solids and intermediate compounds.

Pancreatic juice is produced by the pancreas and secreted into the duodenum in the small intestine. Its digestive enzymes are trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase, pancreatic amylase, and pancrelipase. The first three enzymes continuously degrade proteins, from long peptides to short peptides. Pancreatic amylase continuously degrades sugars. Pancrelipase degrades fat into particles. The resulting products are dipeptides and certain amino acids, maltose (disaccharides), glycerol and fatty acids.

Bile is produced by the liver stored in the gallbladder and secreted into the duodenum in the small intestine. Its components are bile salts and bile acid. Break down fat (and intermediate compounds) into smaller particles, this process is called emulsification.

Intestinal juice is produced by intestinal glands in the lining of the small intestine. Eventually secreted into the small intestine. Its digestive enzymes include maltase, sucrase, lactase, and intestinal juice promoting hormone. They function to degrade maltose, degrade sucrose, degrade lactose, and complete protein degradation. The resulting products are glucose or dextrose, glucose and fructose, glucose and galactose, and amino acids.

The small intestine is the main place to absorb nutrients. All glucose, amino acids, glycerol, fatty acids and part of water, inorganic salts and vitamins are absorbed in the small intestine. After the blood flows into the wall of the small intestine, due to physiological activities, oxygen decreases and the absorbed nutrients increase to supply nutrients to the various organs of the body.

Prevent your kids from tummy trouble!

Dealing with diarrhoea is tough, especially when it comes to kids. Their lifestyle habits keep them in constant touch with bacteria more than adults. Diarrhoea usually lasts for a couple of days, but a bout lasting more than a couple of days can be a cause of a different problem. Known as chronic diarrhoea, this can be a symptom of an underlying chronic disease or condition. Although a bacterial infection only lasts over a couple of days, tackling the symptoms of diarrhoea is also important. Let’s take a look at the most prominent diarrhoea symptoms.
One of the main symptoms of diarrhoea is loose, watery bowel motions/stools that occur three or more times a day. This is accompanied by a few other symptoms, such as:

Frequent need for going to the toilet
Abdominal pain and cramping
Irregular stools/ change in colour of stools
Vomiting
Weakness
Tiredness
There are also a few other symptoms that you can suffer from if you have a chronic diarrhoea condition. These include:

Blood, mucus or pus in your stool
Weight loss
Fever
The best way to deal with diarrhoea is prevention. But how do you do that? How can you keep your kids away from any infection? Here’s how:

Personal hygiene is one of the most effective ways of preventing the spread of viruses and bacteria that can cause diarrhoea. Always ensure your kids wash their hands thoroughly and frequently. Not only this but we’ve put down a few points for you to keep the viruses at bay.

Use the refrigerator to store food that can be spoiled
Ensure you cook any raw meat properly
Avoid eating raw meats, fish, and shellfish unless you are sure that they are fresh and are from a reliable source. Never store cooked meat and raw meat together to avoid cross-contamination
Disinfect benchtops, stovetops, and chopping boards with a diluted bleach solution
As we’ve mentioned earlier, the lifestyle and habits of kids keep them in constant danger of getting infections. Rotavirus is one of the most common causes of diarrhoea in infants and kids. It’s tough to keep an eye on children at all times, so it’s best to give them the necessary vaccines to keep them away from any infection.

Cleaning and washing can only help in diarrhoea prevention to some extent, it’s not certain that your kids might be safe from the virus. Today, diarrhoea medicines are available in the market but usually, the body fights it off within a day or two. However, there are some techniques/medications that can help ease the symptoms.

Avoid caffeine, dairy products and greasy, high fibre or sugary foods
Avoid dehydration, drink as much water as you can during the day. Other than water, clear thin broths or soups, diluted non-caffeinated sports drinks and rehydration formulations also help.
Enterogermina is the world’s number 1 probiotic, trusted by pediatricians that helps build a healthy gut. It’s colorless, odorless and tasteless making it easier for the kids to consume.
Diarrhoea is one of the most common conditions. Although, a range of home remedies and diarrhoea medicines help, please make sure you visit a doctor/medical professional if the condition persists more than 2-3 days.

Know The In & Out Of Mobile App Development And The Companies That Create It

Programmers create a program that performs small or big tasks on software or hardware devices like mobile phone, laptops, computers; such programs are nothing else but applications which render the services pertaining to the needs of business products or services. Some of them are either pre-installed with the system and some can be downloaded externally.

With mobile technology on the rise, companies are indulging in building applications of all sorts from hotel/travel booking, shopping, banking, paying bills, faxing and even business apps. Lately, with all kinds of different apps of either products or service related has also paved the way for technologies to mix up and deliver a robust and power-packed experience to the end user. Hybrid apps are built with different technologies like HTML, CSS and JavaScript used to create gaming apps, social media apps, photos sharing or tracking health and many more. The solution is limitless. 2/3rd of the world’s population owns a smartphone and there are numerous apps to cater in each segment may it be e-Governance, Enterprise, GPS powered, Messaging, Mobile Payment, etc.

Mobile applications are the way forward to any business growth as only a website isn’t enough to get new customers and also to hold on to your share of the market industry. More importantly, mobile app development should be focussed on your customers, how the application is useful to them and solves the purpose. There are lots of different factors that need to be taken into consideration such as the cost, quality of the app, free or paid app, availability on all platforms, user-friendly, functional with the fast and responsive design. Additionally, your app should be in relevance to your company’s product and services so as for customers to find it easily from the pool of other available similar apps offering the same products or services.

To draw all these factors and take maximum benefit from it, you’ll need to hire competent mobile app developers from top mobile app development company. The best part to opt from hiring and developing services from such companies is that they offer lots of flexibility in not only selecting the developers as per your choice but also can offer you several business models that would be pocket-friendly for the application development. With these software company, you can ensure the amount of experience of developers or the team of programmers involved in your project. Furthermore, you can also ask to review the portfolio work of the company to get the first-hand look of the past mobile apps developed by them. This will help you to establish a preliminary notion about the company’s reputation and credibility. It is advisable to set up a few meetings to understand the working of the company and also to get use to the developers way of working for you get exactly what you need for your project including the price factor. Once you decide a company and your application is ready; make sure to have it on your website and market it via social media, blogs, articles and press release to reach out to the target audience.

Conclusion:

“A stitch in time saves nine” fits the perfect description while choosing a mobile app development company for your app development project. It’s of no cause to realise it later that your requirements aren’t going to be fulfilled as per your expectation.

Hence, as a skilled and professional writer on software mobile app development and related trends, I firmly recommend for any small, medium or large business owners or even individual entrepreneurs to dedicate enough time to research about the company, their methodology, process and experience to get the best result and value for your money regarding your mobile app development project.